Types of Cancer

Stem cells are cells from which other cells are derived, by biological mechanisms of differentiation (capacity to generate other cell types) and proliferation (capacity to replicate and divide).

Stem cells present in the umbilical cord are characterized by their biological immaturity and consequently their greater plasticity compared to other adult stem cells.

About cryopreservation:

Cryopreservation stops your biological clock, prevents cellular aging and the biological or environmental degradation experienced over time in our body.

All of the blood cells in your body (white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets) start out as young (immature) cells called hematopoietic stem cells.

Hematopoietic means blood-forming.

These are very young cells that are not fully developed.

Although they start out the same, these stem cells can mature into any type of blood cell, depending on what the body needs when each stem cell is developing.

In a stem cell transplant, blood-forming stem cells are transferred into the bloodstream. They travel to the bone marrow where they replace the cells that were destroyed by the treatment. The blood-forming stem cells used in transplants come from the bone marrow, bloodstream or umbilical cord.

Stem cell transplants generally do not work directly against cancer. Instead, they help the recipient regain its ability to produce stem cells after treatment with very high doses of radiation therapy or chemotherapy, or both.

How long does a stem cell transplant take?

A transplant is a process that can take a few months to complete.

The process begins with treatment with high doses of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of the two. This treatment lasts a week or two.

When you are finished, you will have a few days of rest. In the next procedure, you will receive the blood-forming stem cells. You will be given the stem cells through an intravenous catheter. This process is like getting a blood transfusion.

The process of receiving all the stem cells takes 1 to 5 hours. After receiving the stem cells, you begin the recovery phase. During this time, you wait for the blood cells you received to start producing new blood cells.

The Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) recently announced this milestone that was reached at the end of 2012.

The WBMT is a non-profit scientific organization whose mission is to promote excellence in the field of blood stem cell transplantation, hematopoietic progenitor donation and cell therapy.

"The one million transplants is a figure that may surprise many people as blood stem cell transplants were seen as an uncommon procedure until the end of the 20th century," commented Prof. Niederwieser, president of the WBMT

There are a number of international institutions that coordinate, certify and protocolize the use of stem cells for banking, transport and therapeutic applications.

REDMO Registro de donantes de médula ósea Spain
WBMT World Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation https://www.wbmt.org/

FACT Foundation for the Accreditation of cellular therapy https://accredited.factglobal.org/

FDA Food and Drug Administration https://www.fda.gov/

José Carreras Foundation https://www.fcarreras.org/es

Parents Guides https://parentsguidecordblood.org/en

It is both present and future.

There are currently more than seventy diseases described for which there is a direct application of umbilical cord blood stem cells.

The three areas of greatest application are regenerative medicine, immune system treatments and cancer therapies.

In recent years, stem cell clinical trials have taken the new field in many new directions. While numerous teams continue to refine and expand the role of cord blood and spinal cord stem cells for their cutting-edge uses in blood and immune diseases, many others are attempting to expand the uses of the various types of stem cells present in the spinal cord and cord blood, specifically mesenchymal stem cells, to uses beyond those that could be achieved by replacing cells in their own lineage.

Author: Alan Trounson

Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to all the cells that form the blood and therefore apply to diseases such as leukemias, anemias, lymphomas... and mesenchymal stem cells are responsible for the formation of the skeleton, muscles, tendons...

Hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells can be obtained from a variety of sources. Bone marrow (BM), obtained directly from the bone marrow by aspiration through several punctures in the hip, is painful and is done under general anesthesia.

Peripheral blood, from a vein, is obtained after applying drugs to achieve a higher concentration because its amount is low and normally from the umbilical cord at the time of delivery, where the amount is adequate and it is painless and without risk to the mother.

Mesenchymal cells are obtained from adipose tissue by aspiration and mostly from umbilical cord tissue, which is processed into Wharton's jelly and stored for further processing and cultured to have mesenchymal stem cells for therapeutic use.

From the Umbilical Cord a greater quantity of stem cells are obtained for leukemia (hematopoietic) and mesenchymal stem cells for Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy treatment.

Post-transplant success